Urban sociology seeks to understand the social structures, interactions, and behaviors that emerge in urban settings. One of the most influential thinkers in this field was George Simmel (1858–1918) , a German sociologist and philosopher whose work laid the foundation for modern urban studies. Simmel’s analysis of urban life, particularly in his seminal essay The Metropolis and Mental Life (1903), offers a profound exploration of how the city influences individual psychology, social interactions, and economic relationships. His perspective highlights the tension between personal autonomy and social structures, emphasizing how urban environments shape modernity. Metropolis and Mental Life As said, one of Simmel’s most celebrated works in urban sociology is The Metropolis and Mental Life , presented in 1903. In this essay, Simmel argues that urban environments impose unique psychological conditions on individuals. Unlike rural life, which fosters close-knit s...